Coral Species Overview
Corals are marine invertebrates belonging to the class Anthozoa, with over 6,000 species found worldwide. These remarkable organisms are found throughout tropical and subtropical waters, with the greatest diversity concentrated in the Indo-Pacific region, especially the "Coral Triangle," which includes Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines. The Caribbean also hosts significant coral populations, though with lower overall diversity.
Corals thrive in shallow, warm waters where sunlight can penetrate to support their symbiotic algae. Hard corals, or scleractinians, are the primary reef builders that create the massive limestone structures we recognize as coral reefs. These ecosystems support approximately 25% of all marine species despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor.
Soft corals, while not reef builders, add tremendous diversity and beauty to marine environments with their flowing, flexible forms and vibrant colors. With the proper care, both hard and soft corals can thrive in your home reef aquarium!
How to Care for Your Coral
Successful coral keeping requires understanding that water quality is critical, with consistent temperature, salinity, pH, and nutrient levels being essential for coral health.
Most corals require intense lighting to support their symbiotic zooxanthellae algae, though lighting needs vary significantly between species. Proper water flow is equally important, providing nutrients, removing waste, and preventing sediment accumulation on coral surfaces.
Regular water testing and maintenance are crucial for long-term success. Key parameters include calcium, alkalinity, magnesium, nitrates, and phosphates, all of which must be monitored and adjusted as needed.
Many corals also benefit from supplemental feeding with phytoplankton, amino acids, or specially formulated coral foods. Patience is essential, as corals adapt slowly to new environments and may take weeks or months to show their full potential.
Best Coral Species for Beginners
New reef keepers should start with hardy, forgiving species that tolerate minor parameter fluctuations while learning proper maintenance techniques.
For example: Favia and other brain corals are excellent starting points, as are mushroom corals (Discosoma, Rhodactis), which thrive under moderate conditions. Zoanthids and Palythoas offer vibrant colors and rapid growth with minimal care requirements.
Duncan corals (Duncanopsammia) and Candy Cane corals (Caulastrea) provide LPS beauty without extreme demands. Green Star Polyps, while fast-growing, offer reliable success and stunning movement.
These species allow beginners to gain experience while enjoying beautiful coral displays, building confidence before advancing to more demanding corals like Acropora or Goniopora.
Contact Sanctuary Aquatics for Coral Today
At Sanctuary Aquatics, our expertise in coral care is grounded in scientific marine knowledge and many years of practical hobby experience. Our carefully designed coral reef systems provide optimal conditions for a wide range of coral species, ensuring they thrive and display their best coloration.
Our team combines deep scientific knowledge with hands-on hobby experience to help you succeed on your coral journey! Whether you're a seasoned reef keeper or just starting out, we provide the guidance and resources needed to create a thriving coral ecosystem. Our expert understanding of coral and aquarium care makes us your ideal partner in establishing and maintaining your dream reef tank.
Please contact us today to explore our selection of corals and receive personalized advice for your aquarium needs! Browse all our saltwater coral species here.
